57. Which data structure allows efficient range queries?
B-tree
Hash table
Linked list
Stack
✅ Correct Answer: B-tree
58. What is the primary purpose of data anonymization?
To protect privacy
To improve query performance
To reduce storage space
To enhance visualization
✅ Correct Answer: To protect privacy
59. Which technique is used to improve database write performance?
Sharding
Normalization
Indexing
All of the above
✅ Correct Answer: Sharding
60. What does DDL stand for in database operations?
Data Definition Language
Data Description Language
Database Design Language
Data Development Language
✅ Correct Answer: Data Definition Language
61. Which database model is optimized for time-series data?
Columnar database
Document database
Key-value store
Graph database
✅ Correct Answer: Columnar database
62. What is the primary purpose of a data fabric?
To provide unified data access
To store large datasets
To visualize data
To secure data
✅ Correct Answer: To provide unified data access
63. Which algorithm is used for anomaly detection?
Isolation Forest
K-means
Linear regression
Decision tree
✅ Correct Answer: Isolation Forest
64. What does DML stand for in database operations?
Data Manipulation Language
Data Management Language
Database Modeling Language
Data Mapping Language
✅ Correct Answer: Data Manipulation Language
65. Which technique is used to improve query performance without changing the schema?
Indexing
Normalization
Partitioning
Sharding
✅ Correct Answer: Indexing
66. What is the primary purpose of data lineage tracking?
To understand data origins and transformations
To improve query performance
To reduce storage space
To enhance visualization
✅ Correct Answer: To understand data origins and transformations
67. Which database type is optimized for storing semi-structured data?
Document database
Relational database
Key-value store
Graph database
✅ Correct Answer: Document database
68. What does OLTP stand for in database systems?
Online Transaction Processing
Object-Level Transaction Protocol
Optimized Load Transfer Process
Open Link Transaction Platform
✅ Correct Answer: Online Transaction Processing
69. Which technique is used to combine data from multiple sources?
Data integration
Data mining
Data visualization
Data modeling
✅ Correct Answer: Data integration
70. What is the primary purpose of a data cube in OLAP?
To enable multidimensional analysis
To store raw data
To improve query performance
To enhance security
✅ Correct Answer: To enable multidimensional analysis
71. Which algorithm is used for sentiment analysis?
Naive Bayes
K-means
Linear regression
Decision tree
✅ Correct Answer: Naive Bayes
72. What does CDC stand for in data integration?
Change Data Capture
Centralized Data Collection
Consistent Data Copy
Controlled Data Channel
✅ Correct Answer: Change Data Capture
73. Which database operation is used to combine rows from two tables?
Join
Union
Intersect
Except
✅ Correct Answer: Join
74. What is the primary purpose of data virtualization?
To provide unified view without physical integration
To store large datasets
To visualize data
To secure data
✅ Correct Answer: To provide unified view without physical integration
75. Which technique is used to identify patterns in large datasets?
Data mining
Data modeling
Data visualization
Data integration
✅ Correct Answer: Data mining
76. What does BSON stand for in data formats?
Binary JSON
Basic Serialized Object Notation
Byte Structured Object Network
Binary Standard Object Notation
✅ Correct Answer: Binary JSON
77. Which database constraint ensures referential integrity?
Foreign key
Primary key
Unique constraint
Check constraint
✅ Correct Answer: Foreign key
78. What is the primary purpose of data profiling?
To understand data characteristics
To improve query performance
To reduce storage space
To enhance visualization
✅ Correct Answer: To understand data characteristics
79. Which algorithm is used for time-series forecasting?
ARIMA
K-means
Linear regression
Decision tree
✅ Correct Answer: ARIMA
80. What does DQ stand for in data management?
Data Quality
Data Query
Database Queue
Data Quantity
✅ Correct Answer: Data Quality
81. Which database operation removes duplicate rows?
Distinct
Group by
Having
Where
✅ Correct Answer: Distinct
82. What is the primary purpose of a data dictionary?
To document metadata
To store large datasets
To visualize data
To secure data
✅ Correct Answer: To document metadata
83. Which algorithm is used for image recognition?
Convolutional Neural Network
K-means
Linear regression
Decision tree
✅ Correct Answer: Convolutional Neural Network
84. What does EDA stand for in data analysis?
Exploratory Data Analysis
Enterprise Data Architecture
Extract, Define, Analyze
Efficient Data Aggregation
✅ Correct Answer: Exploratory Data Analysis
85. Which technique is used to handle imbalanced datasets?
SMOTE
PCA
Z-score normalization
One-hot encoding
✅ Correct Answer: SMOTE
86. What is the primary purpose of data enrichment?
To enhance data with additional information
To improve query performance
To reduce storage space
To secure data
✅ Correct Answer: To enhance data with additional information
87. Which database operation is used to filter groups?
Having
Where
Group by
Order by
✅ Correct Answer: Having
88. What does KPI stand for in data analytics?
Key Performance Indicator
Key Process Integration
Knowledge Process Improvement
Key Parameter Identification
✅ Correct Answer: Key Performance Indicator
89. Which technique is used to convert categorical data to numerical?
One-hot encoding
Z-score normalization
Min-max scaling
Log transformation
✅ Correct Answer: One-hot encoding
90. What is the primary purpose of a data mart?
To serve specific business unit needs
To store all enterprise data
To visualize data
To secure data
✅ Correct Answer: To serve specific business unit needs
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