12. What is the purpose of a label-switched path (LSP) in MPLS?
To define a path for traffic through the network
To encrypt all network traffic
To perform packet filtering
To configure VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To define a path for traffic through the network
13. Which Juniper feature is used to simplify BGP configuration in service provider networks?
BGP Confederations
RIP
SMTP
OSPF
✅ Correct Answer: BGP Confederations
14. What is the role of a route distinguisher in a service provider network?
To make VPN routes unique
To encrypt all network traffic
To perform packet filtering
To configure VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To make VPN routes unique
15. Which Juniper feature is used to provide traffic redundancy in service provider networks?
Fast Reroute
BGP
RIP
SMTP
✅ Correct Answer: Fast Reroute
16. What is the purpose of a route target in a service provider network?
To control the distribution of VPN routes
To encrypt all network traffic
To perform packet filtering
To configure VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To control the distribution of VPN routes
17. Which Juniper feature is used to simplify MPLS VPN configuration in service provider networks?
MPLS VPN
BGP
RIP
SMTP
✅ Correct Answer: MPLS VPN
18. What is the role of a route reflector client in a service provider network?
To receive routes from a route reflector
To encrypt all network traffic
To perform packet filtering
To configure VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To receive routes from a route reflector
19. Which Juniper feature is used to provide traffic prioritization in service provider networks?
QoS
BGP
RIP
SMTP
✅ Correct Answer: QoS
20. What is the purpose of a VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) in a service provider network?
To provide separate routing tables for different customers
To encrypt all network traffic
To perform packet filtering
To configure VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To provide separate routing tables for different customers
21. Which Juniper feature enables fast reroute in MPLS networks?
LFA (Loop-Free Alternate)
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LFA (Loop-Free Alternate)
22. What is the purpose of an AS path prepend in BGP?
To influence inbound traffic flow
To encrypt BGP sessions
To accelerate convergence
To simplify MPLS configuration
✅ Correct Answer: To influence inbound traffic flow
23. Which protocol is used for MPLS label distribution between routers?
LDP (Label Distribution Protocol)
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LDP (Label Distribution Protocol)
24. What is the role of a route reflector in BGP?
To reduce full-mesh peering requirements
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To reduce full-mesh peering requirements
25. Which Juniper feature provides sub-50ms failover in MPLS networks?
RSVP Fast Reroute
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: RSVP Fast Reroute
26. What is the purpose of a community attribute in BGP?
To tag routes for policy control
To encrypt BGP sessions
To accelerate convergence
To simplify MPLS configuration
✅ Correct Answer: To tag routes for policy control
27. Which Juniper feature enables inter-AS MPLS VPNs?
Option B (ASBR redistribution)
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: Option B (ASBR redistribution)
28. What is the role of a PE router in MPLS VPNs?
To maintain VPN routing tables
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To maintain VPN routing tables
29. Which protocol provides MPLS traffic engineering?
RSVP-TE
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: RSVP-TE
30. What is the purpose of a route distinguisher in MPLS VPNs?
To make VPN routes unique
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate convergence
To simplify configuration
✅ Correct Answer: To make VPN routes unique
31. Which Juniper feature enables BGP route dampening?
Flap damping
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: Flap damping
32. What is the role of a P router in MPLS networks?
To transit labeled traffic
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To transit labeled traffic
33. Which protocol is used for MPLS ping?
MPLS LSP ping
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: MPLS LSP ping
34. What is the purpose of a route target in MPLS VPNs?
To control VPN route distribution
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate convergence
To simplify configuration
✅ Correct Answer: To control VPN route distribution
35. Which Juniper feature provides BGP route reflection hierarchy?
Route reflector clusters
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: Route reflector clusters
36. What is the role of a CE router in MPLS VPNs?
To connect customer networks
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To connect customer networks
37. Which protocol provides MPLS OAM?
MPLS LSP trace
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: MPLS LSP trace
38. What is the purpose of BGP multipath?
To load balance across multiple paths
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate convergence
To simplify configuration
✅ Correct Answer: To load balance across multiple paths
39. Which Juniper feature enables BGP graceful restart?
BGP PIC
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: BGP PIC
40. What is the role of a route server in BGP?
To simplify peering in IXPs
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To simplify peering in IXPs
41. Which protocol is used for MPLS LSP provisioning?
RSVP-TE
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: RSVP-TE
42. What is the purpose of BGP communities?
To apply routing policies
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate convergence
To simplify configuration
✅ Correct Answer: To apply routing policies
43. Which Juniper feature provides MPLS FRR protection?
LFA (Loop-Free Alternate)
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LFA (Loop-Free Alternate)
44. What is the role of a route reflector client?
To receive reflected routes
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To receive reflected routes
45. Which protocol is used for MPLS auto-bandwidth?
RSVP-TE
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: RSVP-TE
46. What is the purpose of BGP PIC edge?
To accelerate failover
To encrypt traffic
To simplify configuration
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To accelerate failover
47. Which Juniper feature enables BGP add-path?
BGP multipath
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: BGP multipath
48. What is the role of a PCE in MPLS networks?
To compute paths for TE LSPs
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To compute paths for TE LSPs
49. Which protocol is used for MPLS LDP session protection?
LDP
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LDP
50. What is the purpose of BGP ORF?
To optimize route filtering
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate convergence
To simplify configuration
✅ Correct Answer: To optimize route filtering
51. Which Juniper feature provides MPLS LSP metrics?
TE metric
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: TE metric
52. What is the role of a BGP confederation?
To divide an AS into sub-ASes
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To divide an AS into sub-ASes
53. Which protocol is used for MPLS LDP graceful restart?
LDP
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LDP
54. What is the purpose of BGP route refresh?
To request route updates
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate convergence
To simplify configuration
✅ Correct Answer: To request route updates
55. Which Juniper feature enables MPLS LDP synchronization?
LDP-IGP sync
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LDP-IGP sync
56. What is the role of a BGP route server?
To reflect routes in IXPs
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To reflect routes in IXPs
57. Which protocol is used for MPLS LDP autoconfiguration?
LDP
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LDP
58. What is the purpose of BGP graceful restart?
To maintain forwarding during restart
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate convergence
To simplify configuration
✅ Correct Answer: To maintain forwarding during restart
59. Which Juniper feature provides MPLS LDP overload protection?
LDP overload
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LDP overload
60. What is the role of a BGP route reflector?
To reduce full-mesh requirements
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To reduce full-mesh requirements
61. Which protocol is used for MPLS LDP session protection?
LDP
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LDP
62. What is the purpose of BGP PIC core?
To accelerate core failover
To encrypt traffic
To simplify configuration
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To accelerate core failover
63. Which Juniper feature enables MPLS LDP FRR?
LDP LFA
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LDP LFA
64. What is the role of a BGP route server client?
To receive routes from route server
To encrypt traffic
To accelerate IGP convergence
To manage VLANs
✅ Correct Answer: To receive routes from route server
65. Which protocol is used for MPLS LDP targeted sessions?
LDP
BGP
OSPF
RIP
✅ Correct Answer: LDP
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